Ch. 27 Imperialism
Richard Olney – He is a corporate lawyer who said that the interstate company could be used for railroads. Olney helped stopped the Pullman Strike and later became Secretary of state under President Cleveland. He declared to the British that the Venezuelan government was violating the Monroe doctrine.
Alfred Thayer Mahan- Mahan is most famous for the book “The Influence of Sea Power on History” which defined naval history. His influence on navy sea power had a big impact on several nations of the world.
Valeriano Weyler - Weyler undertook to destroy the Cuban rebellion by herding several civilians into barbed-wire recon centration cramps, where they could not give assistance to the armed insurrections.
De Lome Letter – Hearst’s journal published a private letter written by Spanish minister to the United States Depuy de Lome regarding his reservation for Cuban Independence and belittling President McKinley. The civilians would of probably agreed but they just didn’t want to hear it from a Spanish diplomat.
Emilio Aguinaldo – Aguinaldo was a Filipino leader and hero. He commanded his Filipino troops to help American George Dewey to acquire Manila from Spain. Aguinaldo later led the Filipinos against the US in 1899 because of their denied freedom after the war.
Jingoism – This act is an aggressive, nationalistic, and patriotic expansion. Theodore Roosevelt among others believed in this extreme expansion. Teller Amendment - The act of Congress in 1898 that stated that when the United States helps Cuba get rid of Spanish misrule, Cuba would be granted its freedom. The US was motivated for the Cubans to gain their freedom from the Spanish rule, partly because they were anxious for war. This amendment was added to the Declaration of War and a prohibited the annexation of Cuba.
Rough Riders - They were a group of American volunteers that formed to fight at San Juan Hill in Cuba. Many of the rough riders were cowboys, ex-convicts, and other rugged men. Theodore Roosevelt organized this group but Leonard Wood led it. At first, they were named "Woods Weary Walkers because by the time they go to Cuba to fight most of their horses were gone
Anti-Imperialist League - The Anti-Imperialist League was formed to fight the McKinley administration's expansionist moves. Its members included, William James, Mark Twain, and Andrew Carnegie. The League claimed that it was against America's Democratic ideals to control and take over other lands.
Foraker Act - This act built and set up a legislative Assembly in Puerto Rico that dealt with their domestic affairs. The Foraker act was the same act that grants the Puerto Ricans United States citizenship.
Insular cases - These supreme cases decided that the Constitution of the United States did not always follow the government. So, the newly obtained islands of Puerto Rico and the Philippines would not have all the rights of American citizens.
Platt Amendment - This amendment gave the US the right to take over the island of Cuba if that country entered into a treaty or debt that might place its freedom into harmful danger. The Plat amendment also gave the right for the US navy to have a safe well protected base in Cuba and to have the US holdings in the Caribbean. Cubans did not like this amendment.
Spheres of Influence - the Spheres of Influence are European powers such as Britain and Russia that moved into dividing up China in 1895 and gained parts of their country. Nevertheless, the US feared that these powers would divide up China so they proposed the open door policy. The citizens of China did not like the idea of unwelcome foreigners freely trading within their country and started the Boxer rebellion.
Philippine Insurrection- Even before the Philippines were annexed by the U.S. there was tension between U.S. troops and Filipinos. One U.S. sentry shot a Filipino who was crossing a bridge. The situation deteriorated and eventually we entered into a war with the Philippines. It would take two years to settle this dispute, as compared to the four months needed to defeat the once powerful Spain. Though the U.S. had better arms, the guerilla warfare employed by the Filipinos left the Americans outmatched. Between 200,000 and 600,000 Filipinos died in the war, most from sickness and disease caused by the war. Less than 5,000 Americans were killed in the combat. Emilio Aguinaldo helped Americans fight Spain only to turn on them once free. In 1901, Aguinaldo surrendered which greatly hurt the Filipino cause. The war formally ended in 1902, though the fighting would continue until 1903. The Philippines was not an independent nation until July 4, 1946
Open Door Policy- The open door policy of the United States stated that China should be welcoming and open to all nations that would trade with them. This was another form of imperialism that didn't get the consent of the Chinese.
Boxer Rebellion - The Boxers, a secret group of Chinese men known as I Ho Ch’uan, opposed Christianity in their country. Numbering 140,000, the Boxers killed thousands of foreigners as well as Chinese suspected of being Christian. British, American, Russian, Japanese and French soldiers were sent to China to end the "Boxer Rebellion."
Big Stick Policy - The policy held by Teddy Roosevelt in foreign affairs. The "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them.
Roosevelt Corollary - The Roosevelt Corollary was a policy in which states that the United States can intervene in the affairs of South America. Opposed to the Monroe Doctrine which was a document that couldn't intervene
Portsmouth Conference - This was a meeting between Japan, Russia and the United states. The outcome of this conference was the ending of the Russo-Japanese war. TR won the Nobel Prize for his courageous deed in the war by stopping the fighting between the two countries.
Gentlemen’s Agreement – This was an agreement that was negotiated by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 with the Japanese government. Teddy Roosevelt negotiated that the segregation of Japanese children in schools would be stopped and the Japanese agreed to limit immigration.
Root-Takahira Agreement- In 1908 the United States and Japan signed this agreement stating that they would both honor the territorial possessions of the respective countries that were in the Pacific Ocean. They would also uphold China's Open Door Policy.
Chapter #27: Identifications
America Turns Outward
Know: Josiah Strong, Alfred Mahan, Richard Olney, British Guiana, Great Rapprochement
1. What factors caused America to turn its attention to the world beyond her borders?
- The development of a new steel navy focused attention overseas. The influence of sea power upon History argued that control of the sea was key to world dominance which stimulated the naval race among the great powers. The jungle boundary between British Guiana and Venezuela had long been in dispute but the discovery of gold stimulated their brawl. This caused Richard Olney to wade into the affair with a combative note to Britain invoking the Monroe doctrine.
Spurning the Hawaiian Pear
Know: Queen Liliuokalani
2. Why did President Cleveland not want to annex Hawaii?
President Cleveland did not want to annex Hawaii because he felt that the British were trespassing the Monroe Doctrine which was "non-intervention" and the US controlled things in the Americas. Hawaii seemed ready for annexation, but Grover
Cubans Rise in Revolt
Know: General Weyler
3. What was happening in Cuba that caused Americans to be concerned?
- The insurrectos torched cane fields and sugar mills. Their destructive tactics menaced American interests on the islands. Thus, the American sympathies went out to the Cuban underdogs. Because American businesses had investment sake of about 50 million in Cuba, and an annual trade stake of about 100 million all of it put at risk by revolutionary upheaval.
Dewey's May Day Victory at Manila
Know: Teddy Roosevelt, George Dewey
4. Why did Commodore Dewey have such an easy victory over the Spanish fleet at the Philippines?
-Dewey carried out Roosevelt’s orders magnificently. Sailing boldly with his six warships at night into the fortified harbor of Manila, he trained his guns the next morning on the moldy ten-ship Spanish fleet. He succeeded because he was in collaboration with an insurgent commander named Emilio Aguinaldo.
The Confused Invasion of Cuba
Know: Rough Riders, Teddy Roosevelt, San Juan Hill
5. Describe the fighting in Cuba.
- Brisk fighting broke out where Roosevelt and his rough riders charged, with a strong support from 2 crack clack regiments. They suffered heavy casualties but the colorful colonel having the time of his life. Shot a Spaniard with his revolver and rejoiced to see his victim double up like a jackrabbit.
America's Course (Curse?) of Empire
Know: Anti-Imperialist League
6. What were the arguments for and against the annexation of the Philippines?
-The Filipinos wanted their freedom McKinley was confronted with a devils dilemma with the choice of the annexation of the Philippines because the result could be major war into which the United States would be sucked in. McKinley then claimed that he heard a a voice from the sky telling him to take all the Philippines and Christianize and civilize them.
Makers of America: The Puerto Ricans
7. How has U.S. citizenship caused Puerto Ricans to be different from other immigrants?
- As a result of their new U.S. citizenship, many Puerto Ricans were drafted into World War I and all succeeding wars with U.S. participation.
Perplexities in Puerto Rico and Cuba
Know: Insular Cases, General Leonard Wood, Walter Reed, Platt Amendment, Guantanamo
8. Describe American treatment of Cuba after the Spanish-American War.
- The Americans treatment of the Cubans was ironically pretty harsh. Cubans were forced to agree not to conclude treaties that might compromise their independence and to not take debt beyond their resources. The Cubans were also promised to sell or lease needed coaling or naval stations.
New Horizons in Two Hemispheres
9. What were the outcomes of the Spanish-American War?
- The outcomes of the Spanish-American war was that American prestige rose sharply, an the Europeans grudgingly accorded the Republican more respect. And one of the happiest result of this conflict was the further closing of the "bloody chasm" between North and South.
"Little Brown Brothers" in the Philippines
Know: William Howard Taft, Benevolent Assimilation
10. In what way do the Philippines show the good and bad sides of American imperialism?
- The liberty- loving Filipinos assumed that they would be granted their freedom after the Spanish-American war, but they were tragically deceived. Having plunged into war with Spain to free Cuba the US was now forced to deploy some126, 000 troops far far away on people who asked nothing but freedom- in the American tradition. Another bad side was when they came up with the "water cure" which forces water down victims throats. Taft then became civil governor of the Philippines and called them his little brown brothers. McKinley’s "benevolent assimilation “poured millions of dollars into the improvement of roads, sanitation, and public health.
Hinging the Open Door in China
Know: Boxer Rebellion
11. Was American involvement in China beneficial to China?
-Yes, America’s involvement with China was beneficial to them. Because of hay's open door policy which wolf embrace territorial integrity of China, in addition to its commercial integrity. These certain principles helped China from possible partition in those troubled years. and were formally incorporated into the nine- power treaty.
Makers of America: The Filipinos
12. Were Filipino immigrants welcomed with open arms in America? Explain.
- No, the Filipino immigrants were not welcomed with open arms into America because as they were venturing out American they had less work opportunities. Filipino also couldn't be seen dating or even talking to Caucasian women, one incident a guy was murdered because of that. Lastly, the Filipinos lacked political leverage if they didn't have their American citizenship.
Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?
13. What issues were important in the 1900 election?
-The issues that were important in the 1900 election was that victory for the republicans was not a mandate for or against imperialism. If there was any mandate at all it was for the two P's which was prosperity and protectionism.
TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick
Know: Big Stick, Bully Pulpit
14. Give evidence to show that Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president?
- Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president because "he wanted to be the bride at every wedding and the corpse at every funeral." He loved to mingle with people from catholic bishops to professional prizefighters. He believed that a president should lead boldly and that he had no reason for real respect for the delicate checks and balances among the 3 branches of the government. the president should be the one to take strong affirmative action.
Building the Panama Canal
Know: Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, Philippe Bunau-Varilla, George Washington Goethals, William C. Gorgas
15. Why was the Panama route chosen for the canal?
-Roosevelt wanted a canal because it would strengthen the navy with increasing its mobility. Such waterway would make it easier for the defense of Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippines. the Panama was chosen because the French canal company were eager to salvage something from their costly failure at s-shaped panama. Price of the canal flopped also to 40 million from 190 million.
TR's Perversion of Monroe's Doctrine
Know: Roosevelt Corollary, Dominican Republic, Bad Neighbor
16. Explain the similarities and differences between the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?
- A difference between these 2 documents was America will not get involved at all in European issues, but the corollary declared a policy of “preventive intervention,” whiles the Monroe doctrine is nonintervention. Similarities was they both tried to stop Europeans from interfering.
Roosevelt on the World Stage
Know: Russo-Japanese War, Portsmouth
17. How did Teddy Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?
- Japan began to run short of men and yen and the Tokyo officials therefore approached Roosevelt in the deepest secrecy and asked him to sponsor peace negotiations with Russia. For achieving this agreement, as well as for helping arrange and international conference at Algeciras, Spain in 1906 to mediate North African disputes. Thus, receiving the Nobel peace prize in 1906.
Japanese Laborers in California
Know: Gentlemen’s Agreement, Great White Fleet
18. How did a school board in California act in a way that first hurt and then helped American-Japanese relations?
- The school board in California ordered the segregation of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean students to be removed and put in a special school to make room for more whites. They of course was not happy, but TR reached a "gentlemen's agreement" which helped Japanese students return back to normal schools with white students if Tokyo agreed to stop the flow of laborers to the American mainland by withholding passports.
Varying Viewpoints: Why did America Become a World Power?
19. What caused America's foray into imperialism? Defend your opinion.
- In my opinion, race and gender is what propelled America into imperialism. During that time masculinity was the most powerful dominance over the world and the expansion westward provided abundant opportunity to display the characteristics through cowboys and “gold diggers.”
Alfred Thayer Mahan- Mahan is most famous for the book “The Influence of Sea Power on History” which defined naval history. His influence on navy sea power had a big impact on several nations of the world.
Valeriano Weyler - Weyler undertook to destroy the Cuban rebellion by herding several civilians into barbed-wire recon centration cramps, where they could not give assistance to the armed insurrections.
De Lome Letter – Hearst’s journal published a private letter written by Spanish minister to the United States Depuy de Lome regarding his reservation for Cuban Independence and belittling President McKinley. The civilians would of probably agreed but they just didn’t want to hear it from a Spanish diplomat.
Emilio Aguinaldo – Aguinaldo was a Filipino leader and hero. He commanded his Filipino troops to help American George Dewey to acquire Manila from Spain. Aguinaldo later led the Filipinos against the US in 1899 because of their denied freedom after the war.
Jingoism – This act is an aggressive, nationalistic, and patriotic expansion. Theodore Roosevelt among others believed in this extreme expansion. Teller Amendment - The act of Congress in 1898 that stated that when the United States helps Cuba get rid of Spanish misrule, Cuba would be granted its freedom. The US was motivated for the Cubans to gain their freedom from the Spanish rule, partly because they were anxious for war. This amendment was added to the Declaration of War and a prohibited the annexation of Cuba.
Rough Riders - They were a group of American volunteers that formed to fight at San Juan Hill in Cuba. Many of the rough riders were cowboys, ex-convicts, and other rugged men. Theodore Roosevelt organized this group but Leonard Wood led it. At first, they were named "Woods Weary Walkers because by the time they go to Cuba to fight most of their horses were gone
Anti-Imperialist League - The Anti-Imperialist League was formed to fight the McKinley administration's expansionist moves. Its members included, William James, Mark Twain, and Andrew Carnegie. The League claimed that it was against America's Democratic ideals to control and take over other lands.
Foraker Act - This act built and set up a legislative Assembly in Puerto Rico that dealt with their domestic affairs. The Foraker act was the same act that grants the Puerto Ricans United States citizenship.
Insular cases - These supreme cases decided that the Constitution of the United States did not always follow the government. So, the newly obtained islands of Puerto Rico and the Philippines would not have all the rights of American citizens.
Platt Amendment - This amendment gave the US the right to take over the island of Cuba if that country entered into a treaty or debt that might place its freedom into harmful danger. The Plat amendment also gave the right for the US navy to have a safe well protected base in Cuba and to have the US holdings in the Caribbean. Cubans did not like this amendment.
Spheres of Influence - the Spheres of Influence are European powers such as Britain and Russia that moved into dividing up China in 1895 and gained parts of their country. Nevertheless, the US feared that these powers would divide up China so they proposed the open door policy. The citizens of China did not like the idea of unwelcome foreigners freely trading within their country and started the Boxer rebellion.
Philippine Insurrection- Even before the Philippines were annexed by the U.S. there was tension between U.S. troops and Filipinos. One U.S. sentry shot a Filipino who was crossing a bridge. The situation deteriorated and eventually we entered into a war with the Philippines. It would take two years to settle this dispute, as compared to the four months needed to defeat the once powerful Spain. Though the U.S. had better arms, the guerilla warfare employed by the Filipinos left the Americans outmatched. Between 200,000 and 600,000 Filipinos died in the war, most from sickness and disease caused by the war. Less than 5,000 Americans were killed in the combat. Emilio Aguinaldo helped Americans fight Spain only to turn on them once free. In 1901, Aguinaldo surrendered which greatly hurt the Filipino cause. The war formally ended in 1902, though the fighting would continue until 1903. The Philippines was not an independent nation until July 4, 1946
Open Door Policy- The open door policy of the United States stated that China should be welcoming and open to all nations that would trade with them. This was another form of imperialism that didn't get the consent of the Chinese.
Boxer Rebellion - The Boxers, a secret group of Chinese men known as I Ho Ch’uan, opposed Christianity in their country. Numbering 140,000, the Boxers killed thousands of foreigners as well as Chinese suspected of being Christian. British, American, Russian, Japanese and French soldiers were sent to China to end the "Boxer Rebellion."
Big Stick Policy - The policy held by Teddy Roosevelt in foreign affairs. The "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them.
Roosevelt Corollary - The Roosevelt Corollary was a policy in which states that the United States can intervene in the affairs of South America. Opposed to the Monroe Doctrine which was a document that couldn't intervene
Portsmouth Conference - This was a meeting between Japan, Russia and the United states. The outcome of this conference was the ending of the Russo-Japanese war. TR won the Nobel Prize for his courageous deed in the war by stopping the fighting between the two countries.
Gentlemen’s Agreement – This was an agreement that was negotiated by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908 with the Japanese government. Teddy Roosevelt negotiated that the segregation of Japanese children in schools would be stopped and the Japanese agreed to limit immigration.
Root-Takahira Agreement- In 1908 the United States and Japan signed this agreement stating that they would both honor the territorial possessions of the respective countries that were in the Pacific Ocean. They would also uphold China's Open Door Policy.
Chapter #27: Identifications
America Turns Outward
Know: Josiah Strong, Alfred Mahan, Richard Olney, British Guiana, Great Rapprochement
1. What factors caused America to turn its attention to the world beyond her borders?
- The development of a new steel navy focused attention overseas. The influence of sea power upon History argued that control of the sea was key to world dominance which stimulated the naval race among the great powers. The jungle boundary between British Guiana and Venezuela had long been in dispute but the discovery of gold stimulated their brawl. This caused Richard Olney to wade into the affair with a combative note to Britain invoking the Monroe doctrine.
Spurning the Hawaiian Pear
Know: Queen Liliuokalani
2. Why did President Cleveland not want to annex Hawaii?
President Cleveland did not want to annex Hawaii because he felt that the British were trespassing the Monroe Doctrine which was "non-intervention" and the US controlled things in the Americas. Hawaii seemed ready for annexation, but Grover
Cubans Rise in Revolt
Know: General Weyler
3. What was happening in Cuba that caused Americans to be concerned?
- The insurrectos torched cane fields and sugar mills. Their destructive tactics menaced American interests on the islands. Thus, the American sympathies went out to the Cuban underdogs. Because American businesses had investment sake of about 50 million in Cuba, and an annual trade stake of about 100 million all of it put at risk by revolutionary upheaval.
Dewey's May Day Victory at Manila
Know: Teddy Roosevelt, George Dewey
4. Why did Commodore Dewey have such an easy victory over the Spanish fleet at the Philippines?
-Dewey carried out Roosevelt’s orders magnificently. Sailing boldly with his six warships at night into the fortified harbor of Manila, he trained his guns the next morning on the moldy ten-ship Spanish fleet. He succeeded because he was in collaboration with an insurgent commander named Emilio Aguinaldo.
The Confused Invasion of Cuba
Know: Rough Riders, Teddy Roosevelt, San Juan Hill
5. Describe the fighting in Cuba.
- Brisk fighting broke out where Roosevelt and his rough riders charged, with a strong support from 2 crack clack regiments. They suffered heavy casualties but the colorful colonel having the time of his life. Shot a Spaniard with his revolver and rejoiced to see his victim double up like a jackrabbit.
America's Course (Curse?) of Empire
Know: Anti-Imperialist League
6. What were the arguments for and against the annexation of the Philippines?
-The Filipinos wanted their freedom McKinley was confronted with a devils dilemma with the choice of the annexation of the Philippines because the result could be major war into which the United States would be sucked in. McKinley then claimed that he heard a a voice from the sky telling him to take all the Philippines and Christianize and civilize them.
Makers of America: The Puerto Ricans
7. How has U.S. citizenship caused Puerto Ricans to be different from other immigrants?
- As a result of their new U.S. citizenship, many Puerto Ricans were drafted into World War I and all succeeding wars with U.S. participation.
Perplexities in Puerto Rico and Cuba
Know: Insular Cases, General Leonard Wood, Walter Reed, Platt Amendment, Guantanamo
8. Describe American treatment of Cuba after the Spanish-American War.
- The Americans treatment of the Cubans was ironically pretty harsh. Cubans were forced to agree not to conclude treaties that might compromise their independence and to not take debt beyond their resources. The Cubans were also promised to sell or lease needed coaling or naval stations.
New Horizons in Two Hemispheres
9. What were the outcomes of the Spanish-American War?
- The outcomes of the Spanish-American war was that American prestige rose sharply, an the Europeans grudgingly accorded the Republican more respect. And one of the happiest result of this conflict was the further closing of the "bloody chasm" between North and South.
"Little Brown Brothers" in the Philippines
Know: William Howard Taft, Benevolent Assimilation
10. In what way do the Philippines show the good and bad sides of American imperialism?
- The liberty- loving Filipinos assumed that they would be granted their freedom after the Spanish-American war, but they were tragically deceived. Having plunged into war with Spain to free Cuba the US was now forced to deploy some126, 000 troops far far away on people who asked nothing but freedom- in the American tradition. Another bad side was when they came up with the "water cure" which forces water down victims throats. Taft then became civil governor of the Philippines and called them his little brown brothers. McKinley’s "benevolent assimilation “poured millions of dollars into the improvement of roads, sanitation, and public health.
Hinging the Open Door in China
Know: Boxer Rebellion
11. Was American involvement in China beneficial to China?
-Yes, America’s involvement with China was beneficial to them. Because of hay's open door policy which wolf embrace territorial integrity of China, in addition to its commercial integrity. These certain principles helped China from possible partition in those troubled years. and were formally incorporated into the nine- power treaty.
Makers of America: The Filipinos
12. Were Filipino immigrants welcomed with open arms in America? Explain.
- No, the Filipino immigrants were not welcomed with open arms into America because as they were venturing out American they had less work opportunities. Filipino also couldn't be seen dating or even talking to Caucasian women, one incident a guy was murdered because of that. Lastly, the Filipinos lacked political leverage if they didn't have their American citizenship.
Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?
13. What issues were important in the 1900 election?
-The issues that were important in the 1900 election was that victory for the republicans was not a mandate for or against imperialism. If there was any mandate at all it was for the two P's which was prosperity and protectionism.
TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick
Know: Big Stick, Bully Pulpit
14. Give evidence to show that Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president?
- Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president because "he wanted to be the bride at every wedding and the corpse at every funeral." He loved to mingle with people from catholic bishops to professional prizefighters. He believed that a president should lead boldly and that he had no reason for real respect for the delicate checks and balances among the 3 branches of the government. the president should be the one to take strong affirmative action.
Building the Panama Canal
Know: Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, Philippe Bunau-Varilla, George Washington Goethals, William C. Gorgas
15. Why was the Panama route chosen for the canal?
-Roosevelt wanted a canal because it would strengthen the navy with increasing its mobility. Such waterway would make it easier for the defense of Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippines. the Panama was chosen because the French canal company were eager to salvage something from their costly failure at s-shaped panama. Price of the canal flopped also to 40 million from 190 million.
TR's Perversion of Monroe's Doctrine
Know: Roosevelt Corollary, Dominican Republic, Bad Neighbor
16. Explain the similarities and differences between the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?
- A difference between these 2 documents was America will not get involved at all in European issues, but the corollary declared a policy of “preventive intervention,” whiles the Monroe doctrine is nonintervention. Similarities was they both tried to stop Europeans from interfering.
Roosevelt on the World Stage
Know: Russo-Japanese War, Portsmouth
17. How did Teddy Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?
- Japan began to run short of men and yen and the Tokyo officials therefore approached Roosevelt in the deepest secrecy and asked him to sponsor peace negotiations with Russia. For achieving this agreement, as well as for helping arrange and international conference at Algeciras, Spain in 1906 to mediate North African disputes. Thus, receiving the Nobel peace prize in 1906.
Japanese Laborers in California
Know: Gentlemen’s Agreement, Great White Fleet
18. How did a school board in California act in a way that first hurt and then helped American-Japanese relations?
- The school board in California ordered the segregation of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean students to be removed and put in a special school to make room for more whites. They of course was not happy, but TR reached a "gentlemen's agreement" which helped Japanese students return back to normal schools with white students if Tokyo agreed to stop the flow of laborers to the American mainland by withholding passports.
Varying Viewpoints: Why did America Become a World Power?
19. What caused America's foray into imperialism? Defend your opinion.
- In my opinion, race and gender is what propelled America into imperialism. During that time masculinity was the most powerful dominance over the world and the expansion westward provided abundant opportunity to display the characteristics through cowboys and “gold diggers.”