Muckcrackers was the nickname president Teddy Roosevelt gave to reporters of popular magazines. These popular magazines spent a lot of money researching and investigating "muck" hence the name muckrackers. Their main purpose was to make the public more aware of the problems that needed fixing. Some famous Muckrackers were Sinclaire who wrote "The Jungle" which exposed the unsanitary and dirty meat packaging industry during that era, another one was journalist Ida Tarbell who exposed the corruption of the Standard Oil Company. During this period, four constitutional amendments were passed. The 16th amendment established the federal income tax. The 17th constitutionalized the direct election of state senators. The 18th banned the manufacturing, transport and sale of alcohol. And, lastly, the 19th amendment have women the right to vote. Many women activists were gaining strength and becoming more involved with the America, they were active with the 18th amendment and women's suffrage.